Challenges and Opportunities in Preserving Key Structural Features of 3D-Printed Metal/Covalent Organic Framework

Abstract

Abstract:

Metal-organic framework (MOF) and covalent organic framework (COF) are a huge group of advanced porous materials exhibiting attractive and tunable microstructural features, such as large surface area, tunable pore size, and functional surfaces, which have significant values in various application areas. The emerging 3D printing technology further provides MOF and COFs (M/COFs) with higher designability of their macrostructure and demonstrates large achievements in their performance by shaping them into advanced 3D monoliths. However, the currently available 3D printing M/COFs strategy faces a major challenge of severe destruction of M/COFs’ microstructural features, both during and after 3D printing. It is envisioned that preserving the microstructure of M/COFs in the 3D-printed monolith will bring a great improvement to the related applications. In this overview, the 3D-printed M/COFs are categorized into M/COF-mixed monoliths and M/COF-covered monoliths. Their differences in the properties, applications, and current research states are discussed. The up-to-date advancements in paste/scaffold composition and printing/covering methods to preserve the superior M/COF microstructure during 3D printing are further discussed for the two types of 3D-printed M/COF. Throughout the analysis of the current states of 3D-printed M/COFs, the expected future research direction to achieve a highly preserved microstructure in the 3D monolith is proposed.

Key words:Metal-organic frameworks,Covalent organic frameworks,3D printing,Microstructure,Monolith

Ximeng Liu, Dan Zhao, John Wang. Challenges and Opportunities in Preserving Key Structural Features of 3D-Printed Metal/Covalent Organic Framework[J]. Nano-Micro Letters, 2024, 16(1): 157-.

Ximeng Liu, Dan Zhao, John Wang. [J]. Nano-Micro Letters, 2024, 16(1): 157-.

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URL:https://www.qk.sjtu.edu.cn/nml/EN/10.1007/s40820-024-01373-w

https://www.qk.sjtu.edu.cn/nml/EN/Y2024/V16/I1/157

Figures/Tables9

Materials	Loadings (wt%)	Surface area (m²g⁻¹)	Compressive strength (MPa)	Type
3D-printed UTSA-16(Co) [ 38 ]	85	568 (Powder: 727)	0.56	Mixed monolith
3DP ZIF-8-ZnO@TOCNF [ 34 ]	70	2330	NA
3DP MOF-74/Torlon [ 39 ]	13	80 (Powder: 1180)	637
3DP HKUST-1 [ 55 ]	100	1192	NA
Mg-MOF 74@3DP Ti [ 85 ]	NA	NA	71.42	Covered monolith
UTSA-16@3DP Kaolin [ 78 ]	90	620	4.75

Materials	Loadings (wt%)	Surface area (m²g⁻¹)	Compressive strength (MPa)	Type
3D-printed UTSA-16(Co) [ 38 ]	85	568 (Powder: 727)	0.56	Mixed monolith
3DP ZIF-8-ZnO@TOCNF [ 34 ]	70	2330	NA
3DP MOF-74/Torlon [ 39 ]	13	80 (Powder: 1180)	637
3DP HKUST-1 [ 55 ]	100	1192	NA
Mg-MOF 74@3DP Ti [ 85 ]	NA	NA	71.42	Covered monolith
UTSA-16@3DP Kaolin [ 78 ]	90	620	4.75

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