认知语言学绝非“罪大恶极”——体认语言学的发展

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

创新思维不能剑走偏锋,学术批评当忌言过其实,语言学理论在继承和创新中发展至今。当今亦已成为主流的认知语言学(Cognitive Linguistics,CL)也经历了“始发、完善、主流、反思”这几个阶段。达布罗斯卡(E. Dᶏbrowska)以“认知语言学七宗致命重罪”为题指出它犯有七大重罪,这一评价极为不妥。她未能从历史唯物主义角度看到CL的学术价值,批判了现代语言学两位大师索绪尔的“语言先验论”和乔姆斯基的“语言天赋论”,将语言研究带入后现代哲学时代。学术研究不可怀“愤青”之心,而应行“继发”之为。CL的缺陷不全在于她所列数的“七宗重罪”,可用“体认语言学(Embodied-Cognitive Linguistics,ECL)”加以弥补,“体”和“认”二字分别强调了语言研究中的“唯物论”和“人本观”。本文还认可后现代哲学的“象豹观”和“多元化”,主张群言堂,否定极端论,据此学者应持“风物长宜放眼量”和“海纳百川天地阔”的心胸,不断推动学科建设的健康发展。

关键词:认知语言学,七宗重罪,历史唯物论,体认语言学

Abstract:

Innovation should not go to extreme; criticism should not make radical remarks. Linguistic theory has inherited and developed until today via rethought and initiative. The present-day mainstream Cognitive Linguistics (CL) has also undergone the stages of “start, improvement, dominance, reconsideration”. Dᶏbrowska(2016)severely pointed out the seven deadly sins in the paper entitled “Cognitive Linguistics’ Seven Deadly Sins”, which, we think, is extremely inappropriate. She could not see the academic values of CL from the viewpoint of historical materialism: CL has criticized the two modernist great masters Saussurean “linguistic transcendentalism” and Chomskyan “linguistic nativism”, thus bringing linguistic theory into postmodernist era. In academic research, one should not harbor the mentality of “angry young cynic”, but pursue the path of “inheritance and development”. CL’s shortcomings are not at all seven deadly sins listed in her paper, but can be remedied by Embodied-Cognitive Linguistics, with the two terms “embodiment (ti)” and “cognition (ren)” emphasizing materialism and humanism in linguistic research. The present paper also thinks that we should hold postmodernist “View of Elephant and Leopard” and “Pluralism”, neither restricted to a single idea, nor influenced by extreme remarks, but with a standpoint of “long and wide view” and “inclusive and convergent attitude” so as to continuously promote a healthy progress of disciplinary construction.

Key words:Cognitive Linguistics,seven deadly sins,historical materialism,Embodied-Cognitive Linguistics

中图分类号:

王寅. 认知语言学绝非“罪大恶极”——体认语言学的发展[J]. 当代外语研究, 2024, 24(6): 18-26.

WANG Yin. Cognitive Linguistics is NOT “Deadly Sinful”:Its Development of Embodied Cognitive Linguistics[J]. Contemporary Foreign Languages Studies, 2024, 24(6): 18-26.

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