甲状腺癌免疫微环境及免疫治疗的研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

甲状腺癌是最常见的内分泌恶性肿瘤。虽然大多数病人通过手术和传统治疗获得良好预后，但15%~20%的甲状腺乳头状癌以及未分化癌和髓样癌病人仍缺乏有效治疗方案。肿瘤免疫微环境在甲状腺癌的发生、发展及耐药性中发挥着重要作用。本文综述了甲状腺癌免疫微环境中的关键免疫细胞，包括肿瘤相关巨噬细胞、骨髓来源抑制性细胞、肥大细胞、自然杀伤细胞和T淋巴细胞，并探讨这些细胞在肿瘤免疫逃逸过程中的功能与作用机制。免疫治疗已成为晚期甲状腺癌治疗的新方向，本文总结了目前在免疫检查点抑制剂、靶向巨噬细胞治疗和肿瘤疫苗进行的尝试与取得的进展。

关键词:甲状腺癌,免疫微环境,免疫治疗

Abstract:

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy. Although most patients achieve good prognosis through surgery and conventional treatments, approximately 15%-20% of patients with papillary thyroid cancer and the anaplastic and medullary thyroid cancers still lack effective treatment options. The tumor immune microenvironment plays a critical role in the occurrence, progression, and drug resistance of thyroid cancer. This review focused on the key immune cells in thyroid cancer, including tumor-associated macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, mast cells, natural killer cells, and T lymphocytes, and explored their roles and mechanisms in tumor immune evasion. Immunotherapy has become an emerging treatment strategy for advanced thyroid cancer, we summarized the attempts and advances in immune checkpoint inhibitors, targeted macrophage therapy and tumor vaccines.

Key words:Thyroid cancer,Immune microenvironment,Immunotherapy

中图分类号:

R736.1

廖振宇, 朱文鑫综述, 严佶祺审校. 甲状腺癌免疫微环境及免疫治疗的研究进展[J]. 外科理论与实践, 2025, 30(2): 165-170.

LIAO Zhenyu, ZHU Wenxin, YAN Jiqi. Research progress on the immune microenvironment and immunotherapy of thyroid cancer[J]. Journal of Surgery Concepts & Practice, 2025, 30(2): 165-170.

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