Advances in human respiratory microbiome and detection techniques

Abstract

Abstract:

Human respiratory microbiome has great diversity and heterogeneity in healthy and diseased states, rapid and accurate microbial detection is the key to distinguish respiratory tract infection from non-infection. In recent years, new detection technologies represented by metagenomic technology have developed rapidly in the field of pathogen diagnosis, which improves the detection rate of pathogenic microorganisms, and also makes great breakthroughs in analyzing human host reaction and predicting drug resistance. This article reviews the research progress and achievements of molecular technology in the respiratory microbiome, inspiring readers to think about the development and clinical transformation of new technologies in the future, aiming to explore therapeutic strategies for respiratory diseases based on the respiratory microbiome.

Key words:Respiratory tract,Microbiome,Metagenomic next-generation sequencing

CLC Number:

R446.5

WU Wenjuan, TIAN Wenjie. Advances in human respiratory microbiome and detection techniques[J]. Journal of Internal Medicine Concepts & Practice, 2024, 19(01): 37-42.

Figures/Tables1

检测方法	优点	缺点
培养	“金标准” 特异性高成本低	时效性差敏感性差
涂片	快速直观成本低	敏感性低，依赖于检测人员经验
免疫学检测	特异性强	敏感性低易漏检存在窗口期
PCR	简单快速价格便宜	需推测病原体类型仅扩增基因组的小部分
多重PCR	快速可同时检测多种微生物	定量困难特异性差
mNGS	无需预判微生物无主观偏倚适用于新发、突发病原体可检测全基因组	受宿主核酸影响较大昂贵耗时长易受环境微生物影响

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