
诊断学理论与实践››2019,Vol. 18››Issue (2): 193-198.doi:10.16150/j.1671-2870.2019.02.014
徐婷嬿(
), 杨龑, 李晶晶, 张冬燕, 王颖, 王继光, 李燕
收稿日期:2018-11-01出版日期:2019-04-25发布日期:2019-04-25通讯作者:徐婷嬿 E-mail:xtyswallow@sina.com基金资助:
XU Tingyan(
), YANG Yan, LI Jingjing, ZHANG Dongyan, WANG Ying, WANG Jiguang, LI Yan
Received:2018-11-01Online:2019-04-25Published:2019-04-25Contact:XU Tingyan E-mail:xtyswallow@sina.com摘要:
目的:探讨24 h动态血压变异与心脏结构及功能间的关系。方法:纳入未经降压药物治疗的初发或疑似高血压的门诊患者80例,行24 h动态血压监测及超声心动图检查,计算24 h血压标准差(standard deviation,SD)、变异系数(coefficient of variation,CV)、平均实际血压变异(average real variability, ARV)、血压最大与最小差值(maximum-minimum difference, MMD)及独立于血压水平的血压变异(variability independent of the mean, VIM)。应用多元线性回归,将血压变异参数与血压水平同时放入模型,计算血压变异参数、血压水平与心超指标关联的标准偏回归系数(standardizedβ)及偏决定系数。结果:24 h血压水平与左心室质量指数(收缩压,β为6.8~8.0,P<0.01;舒张压,β为6.7~7.8,P<0.01)、左心室纵向应变(收缩压,β为-0.76~-0.71,P<0.05;舒张压,β为-0.81~-0.71,P<0.05)及室间隔E/e’比值(收缩压,β为0.44~0.57,P<0.05)独立相关,解释了8.3%~35.1%的心脏结构和功能变异,而24 h血压变异参数在校正了血压水平后, 除了24 h收缩压CV、VIM与左室质量指数(β=3.3,P=0.048,β=3.4,P=0.049)微弱相关,24 h舒张压MMD与室间隔E/e’比值相关(β=0.46,P=0.034),解释了1.2%~6.0%的心脏结构和功能变异外,其余参数均不相关。结论:24 h短时血压变异与心脏结构功能有关,但血压水平仍可能是影响心脏结构和功能的主要因素。
中图分类号:
徐婷嬿, 杨龑, 李晶晶, 张冬燕, 王颖, 王继光, 李燕. 24 h动态血压变异与心脏结构和功能的关系[J]. 诊断学理论与实践, 2019, 18(2): 193-198.
XU Tingyan, YANG Yan, LI Jingjing, ZHANG Dongyan, WANG Ying, WANG Jiguang, LI Yan. Association between 24-h ambulatory blood pressure variability and cardiac structure and function[J]. Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice, 2019, 18(2): 193-198.
表1
24 h动态收缩压VIM高、低2组的基本临床特征比较[n(%)]
| 参数 | 24 h动态收缩压VIM | P值 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| VIM低组 (n=41) |
VIM高组 (n=39) |
||
| 女性 | 20(48.8) | 19(48.7) | 0.740 |
| 吸烟者 | 9(22.0) | 7(17.9) | 0.540 |
| 饮酒者 | 6(14.6) | 9(23.1) | 0.420 |
| 高血压 | 33(80.4) | 33(84.6) | 0.820 |
| 糖尿病 | 1(2.43) | 4(10.3) | 0.160 |
| 年龄(岁) | 46.7±11.2 | 50.2±10.3 | 0.150 |
| 体质量指数(kg/m2) | 25.1±3.2 | 24.4±2.9 | 0.320 |
| 24 h平均收缩压(mmHg) | 131.6±14.0 | 133.3±11.0 | 0.580 |
| 24 h平均舒张压(mmHg) | 86.1±10.1 | 82.4±7.1 | 0.070 |
| 心率(次/分) | 73.4±13.4 | 74.5±12.5 | 0.820 |
| 空腹血糖(mmol/L) | 5.12±0.43 | 5.23±0.84 | 0.470 |
| 总胆固醇( mmol/L) | 5.27±0.97 | 5.36±1.16 | 0.700 |
| SD(mmHg) | 12.0±1.8 | 17.9±3.2 | <0.001 |
| CV(%) | 9.1±1.5 | 14.0±2.1 | <0.001 |
| MMD(mmHg) | 54.8±11.1 | 74.2±17.3 | <0.001 |
| ARV(mmHg) | 8.9±1.5 | 10.4±2.2 | 0.001 |
| 左心室质量指数(g/m2) | 88.7±17.1 | 94.5±15.2 | 0.100 |
| 左心室纵向应变(%) | 20.3±2.3 | 21.0±2.8 | 0.240 |
| 室间隔E/e’ | 9.1±2.1 | 9.4±2.4 | 0.430 |
表2
24 h动态血压收缩压变异与左心室结构及功能的关系
| 血压相关变量( SD) | 模型 | LVMI(g/m2) | 左心室LS (%) | 室间隔E/e’比值 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 24 h收缩压(+15 mmHg) | 1 | 7.1(3.8~10.4)a) | -0.75(-1.35~-0.15)b) | 0.49(0.08~0.90)b) |
| 2:SD | 6.9(3.6~10.2)a) | -0.76(-1.37~-0.15)b) | 0.47(0.06~0.88)b) | |
| 3:CV | 8.0(4.6~11.4)a) | -0.71(-1.33~-0.09)b) | 0.57(0.14~1.00)b) | |
| 4:VIM | 7.6(4.3~10.9)a) | -0.73(-1.34~-0.12)b) | 0.54(0.13~0.95)b) | |
| 5:MMD | 6.8(3.5~10.1)a) | -0.75(-1.36~-0.14)b) | 0.44(0.03~0.85)b) | |
| 6:ARV | 6.8(3.3~10.3)a) | -0.75(-1.36~-0.14)b) | 0.42(-0.01~0.85) | |
| SD(+4 mmHg) | 1 | 3.5(0.1~7.1) | 0.11(-0.20~0.42) | 0.35(-0.06~0.76) |
| 2 | 3.2(0.1~6.3) | 0.15(-0.46~0.76) | 0.32(-0.09~0.73) | |
| CV(+3 mmHg) | 1 | 1.3(-2.2~4.8) | 0.34(-0.25~0.93) | 0.17(-0.24~0.58) |
| 3 | 3.3(0.1~6.5)b) | 0.17(-0.42~0.76) | 0.31(-0.10~0.72) | |
| VIM(+4 U) | 1 | 2.2(-1.5~5.9) | 0.28(-0.33~0.89) | 0.24(-0.19~0.67) |
| 4 | 3.4(0.1~6.7)b) | 0.17(-0.44~0.78) | 0.32(-0.09~0.73) | |
| MMD(+18 mmHg) | 1 | 3.0(0.7~6.7) | -0.11(-0.73~0.51) | 0.37(-0.06~0.80) |
| 5 | 2.1(-1.2~5.4) | -0.01(-0.62~0.60) | 0.30(-0.11~0.71) | |
| ARV(+2 mmHg) | 1 | 2.6(-1.1~6.3) | -0.20(-0.84~0.44) | 0.43(-0.01~0.86) |
| 6 | 1.1(-2.4~4.6) | -0.04(-0.68~0.60) | 0.33(-0.11~0.77) |
表3
24 h动态血压舒张压变异与左心室结构及功能的关系
| 血压相关变量( SD) | 模型 | LVMI(g/m2) | 左心室纵向应变(%) | 室间隔E/e’比值 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 24 h收缩压(+9 mmHg) | 1 | 6.8(3.2~10.4)a) | -0.79(-1.44~-0.14)b) | 0.31(0.08~0.54) |
| 2:SD | 7.0(3.4~10.6)a) | -0.77(-1.41~-0.13)b) | 0.10(0.01~0.19) | |
| 3:CV | 7.8(3.7~11.9)a) | -0.71(-1.44~0.02) | 0.10(0.06~0.26) | |
| 4:VIM | 7.3(3.6~11.0)a) | -0.75(-0.98~-0.52)b) | 0.11(0.07~0.29) | |
| 5:MMD | 6.9(3.2~10.6)a) | -0.81(-1.46~-0.16)b) | 0.05(0.01~0.09) | |
| 6:ARV | 6.7(3.0~10.4)a) | -0.77(-1.40~-0.14)b) | 0.18(0.09~0.47) | |
| SD(+4 mmHg) | 1 | 1.0 (-1.9~3.9) | 0.17(-0.09~-0.43) | 0.18(-0.17~0.53) |
| 2 | 1.5(-1.2~4.2) | 0.12(-0.13~-0.37) | 0.04(-0.02~0.10) | |
| CV(+3 mmHg) | 1 | -1.1(-4.6~2.4) | 0.44(-0.13~1.0) | 0.11(-0.28~0.50) |
| 3 | 2.0(-1.5~5.5) | 0.16(-0.46~-0.78) | 0.05(-0.01~0.11) | |
| VIM(+2 U) | 1 | 0.18(-2.8~3.2) | 0.27(-0.22~0.76) | 0.15(-0.20~0.50) |
| 4 | 1.5(-1.3~4.2) | 0.13(-0.36~0.62) | 0.04(-0.01~0.07) | |
| MMD(+10 mmHg) | 1 | -0.3(-4.0~3.4) | -0.10(-0.73~0.53) | 0.42(0.01~0.83) |
| 5 | 0.5(0.3~0.7) | -0.19(-0.80~0.42) | 0.46(0.06~0.87)b) | |
| ARV(+1 mmHg) | 1 | 0.9(-1.7~3.5) | -0.34(-0.77~0.09) | 0.18(-0.09~0.47) |
| 6 | 0.8(-1.6~3.2) | -0.32(-0.73~0.09) | 0.18(-0.09~0.47) |
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