全球化社会语言学视域下少数民族地区语言景观分析——以道真仡佬族苗族自治县为例

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文从全球化社会语言学的视角,以移动性、标准化和本土化三个核心概念为框架,以贵州省道真仡佬族苗族自治县县城尹珍大道上的语言景观为样本,探讨少数民族地区城市中心语言景观的特点,重点关注其中英语的使用。通过统计分析收集到的240个标牌上的语言分布比例,发现英语是紧随汉语之后的第二大语言,且具有比少数民族语言更高的能见性和移动性;另外还发现,英语在语言景观中的标准化程度低,本土化的比例大、程度高,体现了语言景观中的英语在弘扬中国本土文化与彰显中国文化自信和身份认同等方面的作用,也折射出少数民族地区教育文化落后和少数民族语言濒危等问题。研究结果对了解少数民族地区的语言生态,促进国家语言规划和语言政策的修订与实施,具有现实意义。

关键词:少数民族地区,语言景观,移动性,标准化,本土化

Abstract:

Taking the linguistic landscape on Yinzhen Avenue in Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County of Guizhou province as a sample, this paper discusses the linguistic landscape in the urban center of ethnic minority areas with a focus on English use within the framework of the three core concepts of mobility, standardization and localization from the perspective of sociolinguistics of globalization. Through the statistical analysis of the language distribution proportions on the 240 collected linguistic signs, it is found that English is the second language after Chinese and has higher visibility and mobility than minority languages. Findings also show the low degree of standardization as well as the large proportion and high degree of localization in English use, which reflects the role of English in the linguistic landscape in presenting Chinese native culture and manifesting the Chinese people's cultural confidence and national identity, and discloses the low education level and the endangerment of ethnic minority languages. Such results have certain practical significance for knowing the language ecology in ethnic minority areas, and promoting the revision and implementation of national language planning and language policies.

Key words:ethnic minority areas,linguistic landscape,mobility,standardization,localization

中图分类号:

H0-0

汪火焰, 童修文. 全球化社会语言学视域下少数民族地区语言景观分析——以道真仡佬族苗族自治县为例[J]. 当代外语研究, 2024, 24(1): 69-80.

WANG Huoyan, TONG Xiuwen. Analyzing the Linguistic Landscape in Ethnic Minority Areas from the Perspective of Sociolinguistics of Globalization:A Case in Daozhen Gelao and Miao Minority County[J]. Contemporary Foreign Languages Studies, 2024, 24(1): 69-80.

图/表3

标牌上的语言	官方标牌	私人标牌	总计
汉语	37(77.1%)	121(63%)	158(65.8%)
汉语+英语	11(22.9%)	65(33.9%)	76(31.7%)
英语	/	6(3.1%)	6(2.5%)
总计	48(100%)	192(100%)	240(100%)

表1

错误类型	次数	举例
拼写错误	3	Civlian Dao (布衣道)
用词错误	2	Qinfei Taekwondo Museum (勤飞跆拳道总馆)
语法错误	2	Daozhen Autonomous County People's Hospital (道真自治县人民医院)
其他	6	ENJOY YOUR LIFE PLAZA (悦冠生活广场)
总计	13	/

表2

本土化程度	标牌数量	途径	标牌数量	举例
完全异化	24	音译	13	Haier (海尔); SaSa (莎莎);LAOYECHE (老爷车); HUAWEI (华为)
创造	11	GOME (国美); Gyizu (贵一族); WALLACE (华莱士); LENOVO (联想); SACON (帅康)
部分异化	12	直译	3	China Mobile(中国移动); LOVE ESTEEM (爱黛)
合成	6	SHELAND (伊人岛); PEACEBIRD (太平鸟); SpiderKing (蜘蛛王); K-BOXING (劲霸) ;
回译	3	I love (爱拉屋); SHE'S YEAST (奢思雅)

表3

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