
Journal of Surgery Concepts & Practice››2021,Vol. 26››Issue (04): 318-324.doi:10.16139/j.1007-9610.2021.04.009
• Experts forum •Previous ArticlesNext Articles
SUN Yingshi(
), LU Qiaoyuan, GUAN Zhen, Zhang Xiaoyan
Received:2021-06-25Online:2021-07-25Published:2021-08-31Contact:SUN Yingshi E-mail:sys27@163.com| [1] | Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2020[J]. CA Cancer J Clin, 2020, 70(1):7-30. doi:10.3322/caac.21590URL |
| [2] | Argilés G, Tabernero J, Labianca R, et al. Localised colon cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for dia-gnosis, treatment and follow-up[J]. Ann Oncol, 2020, 31(10):1291-1305. doi:S0923-7534(20)39932-4pmid:32702383 |
| [3] | 国家卫生健康委. 中国结直肠癌诊疗规范(2020年版)[J]. 中国实用外科杂志, 2020, 40(6):600-630. |
| [4] | Amin MB, Greene FL, Edge S, et al. AJCC Cancer Sta-ging Mannual[M]. 8th ed. New York: Springer, 2017:252-274. |
| [5] | Fernandez LM, Parlade AJ, Wasser EJ, et al. How re-liable is CT scan in staging right colon cancer?[J]. Dis Colon Rectum, 2019, 62(8):960-964. doi:10.1097/DCR.0000000000001387pmid:30870227 |
| [6] | D′Souza N, Shaw A, Lord A, et al. Assessment of a sta-ging system for sigmoid colon cancer based on tumor deposits and extramural venous invasion on computed tomography[J]. JAMA Netw Open, 2019, 2(12):e1916987. |
| [7] | Korsbakke K, Dahlbäck C, Karlsson N, et al. Tumor and nodal staging of colon cancer: accuracy of preoperative computed tomography at a Swedish high-volume center[J]. Acta Radiol Open, 2019, 8(12):2058460119888713. |
| [8] | Rollvén E, Blomqvist L, Öistämö E, et al. Morphological predictors for lymph node metastases on computed tomography in colon cancer[J]. Abdom Radiol(NY), 2019, 44(5):1712-1721. |
| [9] | Rollvén E, Abraham-Nordling M, Holm T, et al. Assessment and diagnostic accuracy of lymph node status to predict stage Ⅲ colon cancer using computed tomography[J]. Cancer Imaging, 2017, 17(1):3. doi:10.1186/s40644-016-0104-2pmid:28103922 |
| [10] | Song W, Chen Z, Zheng Z, et al. Prognostic value of radiologically enlarged lymph nodes in node-negative colon cancer[J]. Colorectal Dis, 2020, 22(5):537-543. doi:10.1111/codi.14938pmid:31868954 |
| [11] | Cheng J, Wu J, Ye YJ, et al. Extramural venous invasion detected by MDCT as an adverse imaging feature for predicting synchronous metastases in T4 gastric cancer[J]. Acta Radiol, 2017, 58(4):387-393. doi:10.1177/0284185116658323pmid:27439402 |
| [12] | Cheng J, Wu J, Ye YJ, et al. The prognostic significance of extramural venous invasion detected by multiple-row detector computed tomography in stage Ⅲ gastric cancer[J]. Abdom Radiol (NY), 2016, 41(7):1219-1226. doi:10.1007/s00261-015-0627-1pmid:27315092 |
| [13] | Zhang XY, Wang S, Li XT, et al. MRI of extramural venous invasion in locally advanced rectal cancer: relationship to tumor recurrence and overall survival[J]. Radiology, 2018, 289(3):677-685. doi:10.1148/radiol.2018172889URL |
| [14] | Yao X, Yang SX, Song XH, et al. Prognostic significance of computed tomography-detected extramural vascular invasion in colon cancer[J]. World J Gastroenterol, 2016, 22(31):7157-7165. doi:10.3748/wjg.v22.i31.7157URL |
| [15] | Yang SX, Yao X, Song XH, et al. Extramural vascular invasion detected by contrast-enhanced multiple-row detectors computed tomography (ceMDCT) as a predictor of synchronous metastases in colon cancer[J]. Oncotarget, 2017, 8(55):94883-94892. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.22034URL |
| [16] | Komono A, Shida D, Iinuma G, et al. Preoperative T staging of colon cancer using CT colonography with multiplanar reconstruction: new diagnostic criteria based on “bordering vessels”[J]. Int J Colorectal Dis, 2019, 34(4):641-648. doi:10.1007/s00384-019-03236-ypmid:30666406 |
| [17] | Horvat N, Raj A, Liu S, et al. CT colonography in preo-perative staging of colon cancer: evaluation of FOxTROT inclusion criteria for neoadjuvant therapy[J]. Am J Roentgenol, 2019, 212(1):94-102. doi:10.2214/AJR.18.19928URL |
| [18] | Park SY, Cho SH, Lee MA, et al. Diagnostic performance of MRI-versusMDCT-categorized T3cd/T4for identifying high-risk stage Ⅱ or stage Ⅲ colon cancers: a pilot study[J]. Abdom Radiol (NY), 2019, 44(5):1675-1685. |
| [19] | Liu LH, Lv H, Wang ZC, et al. Performance comparison between MRI and CT for local staging of sigmoid and descending colon cancer[J]. Eur J Radiol, 2019, 121:108741. doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2019.108741URL |
| [20] | 张晓鹏. 结肠肿瘤影像学诊断[J]. 中国医学计算机成像杂志, 2001, 7(2):103-110. |
| [21] | Benson AB, Venook AP, Al-Hawary MM, et al. Rectal Cancer, Version 2.2018, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology[J]. J Natl Compr Canc Netw, 2018, 16(7):874-901. doi:10.6004/jnccn.2018.0061URL |
| [22] | Nougaret S, Reinhold C, Mikhael HW, et al. The use of MR imaging in treatment planning for patients with rectal carcinoma: have you checked the “DISTANCE”?[J]. Radiology, 2013, 268(2):330-344. doi:10.1148/radiol.13121361URL |
| [23] | 唐圣军, 吕亚萍, 兰庆茂, 等. MSCT(多层螺旋 CT)与 MRI 在结直肠癌术前分期及预后评诂的价值对比分析[J]. 结直肠肛门外科, 2017, 23(S1):16-17. |
| [24] | Sethi R, Lee SH. Imaging in colorectal cancer[M]//Brown SR, Hartley JE, Hill J, et al. Contemporary Coloproctology. London: Springer, 2012:123-138. |
| [25] | 孙应实, 李晓婷, 张晓燕, 等. 直肠癌高分辨率磁共振成像T分期与病理T分期的对照研究[J]. 中华外科杂志, 2012, 50(3):207-210. |
| [26] | Wan LJ, Liu Y, Peng WJ, et al. Submucosal enhancing stripe as a contrast material-enhanced MRI-based ima-ging feature for the differentiation of stage T0-T1from early T2rectal cancers[J]. Radiology, 2021, 298(1):93-101. doi:10.1148/radiol.2020201416pmid:33170102 |
| [27] | Fornell-Perez R, Perez-Alonso E, Porcel-de-Peralta G, et al. Primary and post-chemoradiotherapy staging using MRI in rectal cancer: the role of diffusion imaging in the assessment of perirectal infiltration[J]. Abdom Radiol (NY), 2019, 44(11):3674-3682. doi:10.1007/s00261-019-02139-4pmid:31332499 |
| [28] | Memon S, Lynch AC, Bressel M, et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the accuracy of MRI and endorectal ultrasound in the restaging and response assessment of rectal cancer following neoadjuvant therapy[J]. Colorectal Dis, 2015, 17(9):748-761. doi:10.1111/codi.12976pmid:25891148 |
| [29] | Nicholls RJ, Hall C. Treatment of non-disseminated cancer of the lower rectum[J]. Br J Surg, 1996, 83(1):15-18. doi:10.1002/bjs.1800830105URL |
| [30] | Hermanek P, Henson DE, Hutter RV, et al. UICC TNM supplement 1993: a commentary on uniform use[M]. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag,1993. |
| [31] | Kaur H, Choi H, You YN, et al. MR imaging for pre-operative evaluation of primary rectal cancer: practical considerations[J]. Radiographics, 2012, 32(2):389-409. doi:10.1148/rg.322115122URL |
| [32] | RSNA Informatics Reporting website. MR rectum cancer(2014-02-11)[2021-06-25]. www.radreport.org/txt/0000068. |
| [33] | Cho SH, Kim SH, Bae JH, et al. Prognostic stratification by extramural depth of tumor invasion of primary rectal cancer based on the Radiological Society of North Ame-rica Proposal[J]. Am J Roentgenol, 2014, 202(6):1238-1244. doi:10.2214/AJR.13.11311URL |
| [34] | Rifkin MD, Ehrlich SM, Marks G. Staging of rectal carcinoma: prospective comparison of endorectal US and CT[J]. Radiology, 1989, 170(2):319-322. pmid:2643135 |
| [35] | Hünerbein M. Endorectal ultrasound in rectal cancer[J]. Colorectal Dis, 2003, 5(5):402-405. pmid:12925070 |
| [36] | Ashraf S, Hompes R, Slater A. A critical appraisal of endorectal ultrasound and transanal endoscopic microsurgery and decision-making in early rectal cancer[J]. Colorectal Dis, 2012, 14(7):821-826. doi:10.1111/j.1463-1318.2011.02830.xpmid:21920011 |
| [37] | Thompson WM, Halvorsen RA, Foster WL, et al. Pre-operative and postoperative staging of rectosigmoid carcino-ma[J]. Am J Roentgenol, 1986, 146(4):703-710. pmid:3485343 |
| [38] | Shank B, Dershaw DD, Caravelli J, et al. A prospective study of preoperative computed tomography staging of patients with biopsy proven rectal carcinoma[J]. Dis Colon Rectum, 1990, 33(4):285-290. pmid:2323277 |
| [39] | Tveit KM, Kataja VV. ESMO Guidelines Task Force. ESMO Minimum Clinical Recommendations for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of rectal cancer[J]. Ann Oncol, 2005, 16 Suppl 1:i20-i21. |
| [40] | Brown G, Richards CJ, Bourne MW, et al. Morphologic predictors of lymph node status in rectal cancer with use of high-spatial-resolution MR imaging with histopatholo-gic comparison[J]. Radiology, 2003, 227(2):371-377. pmid:12732695 |
| [41] | 张晓鹏, 孙应实. CT与MRI在直肠癌分期诊断中的应用[J]. 中国实用外科杂志, 2010, 30(10):831-834. |
| [42] | Kim JH, Beets GL, Kim MJ, et al. High-resolution MR imaging for nodal staging in rectal cancer: are there any criteria in addition to the size?[J]. Eur J Radiol, 2004, 52(1):78-83. doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2003.12.005URL |
| [43] | Koh DM, Brown G, Temple L, et al. Rectal cancer: mesorectal lymph nodes at MR imaging with USPIOversushistopathologic findings--initial observations[J]. Radiology, 2004, 231(1):91-99. doi:10.1148/radiol.2311030142URL |
| [44] | 余深平, 赵晓娟. 影像学诊断直肠癌转移淋巴结的研究进展[J]. 消化肿瘤杂志(电子版), 20124(1):10-12. |
| [45] | Li XT, Sun YS, Tang L, et al. Evaluating local lymph node metastasis with magnetic resonance imaging, endoluminal ultrasound and computed tomography in rectal cancer: a meta-analysis[J]. Colorectal Dis, 2015, 17(6):O129-O135. |
| [46] | Puli SR, Reddy JB, Bechtold ML, et al. Accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound to diagnose nodal invasion by rectal cancers: a meta-analysis and systematic review[J]. Ann Surg Oncol, 2009, 16(5):1255-1265. doi:10.1245/s10434-009-0337-4URL |
| [47] | 郑阳春, 周总光. 直肠癌淋巴结转移检测的研究进展[J]. 中华胃肠外科杂志, 2004, 7(6):506-508. |
| [48] | Lahaye MJ, Engelen SM, Nelemans PJ, et al. Imaging for predicting the risk factors--the circumferential resection margin and nodal disease--of local recurrence in rectal cancer: a meta-analysis[J]. Semin Ultrasound CT MR, 2005, 26(4):259-268. pmid:16152740 |
| [49] | Zerhouni EA, Rutter C, Hamilton SR, et al. CT and MR imaging in the staging of colorectal carcinoma: report of the Radiology Diagnostic Oncology Group Ⅱ[J]. Radiology, 1996, 200(2):443-451. pmid:8685340 |
| [50] | Perez RO, Pereira DD, Proscurshim I, et al. Lymph node size in rectal cancer following neoadjuvant chemoradiation--can we rely on radiologic nodal staging after chemoradiation?[J]. Dis Colon Rectum, 2009, 52(7):1278-1284. doi:10.1007/DCR.0b013e3181a0af4bURL |
| [51] | Shin SS, Jeong YY, Min JJ, et al. Preoperative staging of colorectal cancer: CTvs. integrated FDG PET/CT[J]. Abdom Imaging, 2008, 33(3):270-277. doi:10.1007/s00261-007-9262-9URL |
| [52] | MERCURY Study Group. Diagnostic accuracy of preo-perative magnetic resonance imaging in predicting curative resection of rectal cancer: prospective observational study[J]. BMJ, 2006, 333(7572):779. doi:10.1136/bmj.38937.646400.55URL |
| [53] | Wolberink SV, Beets-Tan RG, de Haas-Kock DF, et al. Conventional CT for the prediction of an involved circumferential resection margin in primary rectal cancer[J]. Dig Dis, 2007, 25(1):80-85. doi:10.1159/000099174URL |
| [54] | Liu L, Liu M, Yang Z, et al. Correlation of MRI-detected extramural vascular invasion with regional lymph node metastasis in rectal cancer[J]. Clin Imaging, 2016, 40(3):456-460. doi:10.1016/j.clinimag.2016.01.007URL |
| [55] | Betge J, Pollheimer MJ, Lindtner RA, et al. Intramural and extramural vascular invasion in colorectal cancer: prognostic significance and quality of pathology reporting[J]. Cancer, 2012, 118(3):628-638. doi:10.1002/cncr.26310URL |
| [56] | Smith NJ, Barbachano Y, Norman AR, et al. Prognostic significance of magnetic resonance imaging-detected extramural vascular invasion in rectal cancer[J]. Br J Surg, 2008, 95(2):229-236. pmid:17932879 |
| [57] | McClelland D, Murray GI. A comprehensive study of extramural venous invasion in colorectal cancer[J]. PLoS One, 2015, 10(12):e0144987. |
| [58] | Lee ES, Kim MJ, Park SC, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging-detected extramural venous invasion in rectal cancer before and after preoperative chemoradiotherapy: diagnostic performance and prognostic significance[J]. Eur Radiol, 2018, 28(2):496-505. doi:10.1007/s00330-017-4978-6URL |
| [59] | Brown G, Radcliffe AG, Newcombe RG, et al. Preoperative assessment of prognostic factors in rectal cancer using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging[J]. Br J Surg, 2003, 90(3):355-364. doi:10.1002/bjs.4034URL |
| [60] | Smith NJ, Shihab O, Arnaout A, et al. MRI for detection of extramural vascular invasion in rectal cancer[J]. Am J Roentgenol, 2008, 191(5):1517-1522. doi:10.2214/AJR.08.1298pmid:18941094 |
| [61] | Jhaveri KS, Hosseini-Nik H, Thipphavong S, et al. MRI detection of extramural venous invasion in rectal cancer: correlation with histopathology using elastin stain[J]. Am J Roentgenol, 2016, 206(4):747-755. doi:10.2214/AJR.15.15568pmid:26933769 |
| [62] | Wong MT, Eu KW. Primary colorectal lymphomas[J]. Colorectal Dis, 2006, 8(7):586-591. pmid:16919111 |
| [63] | Purysko AS, Coppa CP, Kalady MF, et al. Benign and malignant tumors of the rectum and perirectal region[J]. Abdom Imaging, 2014, 39(4):824-852. doi:10.1007/s00261-014-0119-8pmid:24663381 |
| [64] | Sun K, Han R, Han Y, et al. Accuracy of combined computed tomography colonography and dual energy iodine map imaging for detecting colorectal masses using high-pitch dual-source CT[J]. Sci Rep, 2018, 8(1):3790. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-22188-xURL |
| [65] | Schaeffer B, Johnson TR, Mang T, et al. Dual-energy CT colonography for preoperative “one-stop” staging in patients with colonic neoplasia[J]. Acad Radiol, 2014, 21(12):1567-1572. doi:10.1016/j.acra.2014.07.019pmid:25442353 |
| [66] | Chuang-Bo Y, Tai-Ping H, Hai-Feng D, et al. Quantitative assessment of the degree of differentiation in colon cancer with dual-energy spectral CT[J]. Abdom Radiol(NY), 2017, 42(11):2591-2596. |
| [67] | Goh V, Halligan S, Daley F, et al. Colorectal tumor vascularity: quantitative assessment with multidetector CT--do tumor perfusion measurements reflect angiogenesis?[J]. Radiology, 2008, 249(2):510-517. doi:10.1148/radiol.2492071365URL |
| [68] | Fan S, Li X, Zheng L, et al. Correlations between the iodine concentrations from dual energy computed tomography and molecular markers Ki-67 and HIF-1α in rectal cancer: a preliminary study[J]. Eur J Radiol, 2017, 96:109-114. doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2017.08.026URL |
| [69] | Wu J, Lv Y, Wang N, et al. The value of single-source dual-energy CT imaging for discriminating microsatellite instability from microsatellite stability human colorectal cancer[J]. Eur Radiol, 2019, 29(7):3782-3790. doi:10.1007/s00330-019-06144-5URL |
| [70] | Qiu L, Liu XL, Liu SR, et al. Role of quantitative intravoxel incoherent motion parameters in the preoperative diagnosis of nodal metastasis in patients with rectal carcinoma[J]. J Magn Reson Imaging, 2016, 44(4):1031-1039. doi:10.1002/jmri.25250URL |
| [71] | Yu J, Huang DY, Li Y, et al. Correlation of standard diffusion-weighted imaging and diffusion kurtosis imaging with distant metastases of rectal carcinoma[J]. J Magn Reson Imaging, 2016, 44(1):221-229. doi:10.1002/jmri.25137URL |
| [72] | Zhu L, Pan Z, Ma Q, et al. Diffusion kurtosis imaging study of rectal adenocarcinoma associated with histopathologic prognostic factors: preliminary findings[J]. Radiology, 2017, 284(1):66-76. doi:10.1148/radiol.2016160094URL |
| [73] | Zhang XY, Wang L, Zhu HT, et al. Predicting rectal cancer response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy using deep learning of diffusion kurtosis MRI[J]. Radiology, 2020, 296(1):56-64. doi:10.1148/radiol.2020190936URL |
| [74] | Yang L, Dong D, Fang M, et al. Can CT-based radiomics signature predict KRAS/NRAS/BRAF mutations in co-lorectal cancer?[J]. Eur Radiol, 2018, 28(5):2058-2067. doi:10.1007/s00330-017-5146-8pmid:29335867 |
| [75] | Wu J, Zhang Q, Zhao Y, et al. Radiomics analysis of iodine-based material decomposition images with dual-energy computed tomography imaging for preoperatively predicting microsatellite instability status in colorectal cancer[J]. Front Oncol, 2019, 9:1250. doi:10.3389/fonc.2019.01250URL |
| [76] | Fan S, Li X, Cui X, et al. Computed tomography-based radiomic features could potentially predict microsatellite instability status in stage Ⅱ colorectal cancer: a preliminary study[J]. Acad Radiol, 2019, 26(12):1633-1640. doi:10.1016/j.acra.2019.02.009URL |
| [77] | Golia Pernicka JS, Gagniere J, Chakraborty J, et al. Radiomics-based prediction of microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer at initial computed tomography evaluation[J]. Abdom Radiol (NY), 2019, 44(11):3755-3763. |
| [78] | Dai W, Mo S, Han L, et al. Prognostic and predictive value of radiomics signatures in stage Ⅰ-Ⅲ colon cancer[J]. Clin Transl Med, 2020, 10(1):288-293. doi:10.1002/ctm2.31URL |
| [79] | Ding L, Liu G, Zhang X, et al. A deep learning nomogram kit for predicting metastatic lymph nodes in rectal cancer[J]. Cancer Med, 2020, 9(23):8809-8820. doi:10.1002/cam4.3490URL |
| [1] | ZHENG Minhua, MA Junjun.Laparoscopic colorectal surgery 30 years in China: what we learned[J]. Journal of Surgery Concepts & Practice, 2023, 28(03): 181-185. |
| [2] | SUN Yueming, ZHANG Dongsheng.Controversy over the medial border of lymph node dissection during CME/D3 surgery of right colon cancer[J]. Journal of Surgery Concepts & Practice, 2023, 28(03): 202-207. |
| [3] | YIN Jianguang, ZONG Yaping, SHEN Xiaohui, ZHAO Jingkun, LU Aiguo.Analysis of treatment and prognosis of synchronous multiple primary colorectal cancer: a report of 39 cases[J]. Journal of Surgery Concepts & Practice, 2022, 27(06): 540-544. |
| [4] | XU Zifeng, ZONG Yaping, LU Aiguo.Neoadjuvant therapy in patients with locally advanced colon cancer[J]. Journal of Surgery Concepts & Practice, 2022, 27(03): 266-270. |
| [5] | BAO Quan, XING Baocai.Surgical treatment strategy for complex bilateral multiple liver metastases of colorectal carcinoma[J]. Journal of Surgery Concepts & Practice, 2022, 27(02): 128-130. |
| [6] | SHAO Jiazhe, ZHOU Guoqiang, GUO Jian, LIU Kun, ZHAO Ren.A retrospective study on single-incision laparoscoic surgery for right colonic cancer[J]. Journal of Surgery Concepts & Practice, 2022, 27(01): 70-75. |
| [7] | LIU Shiguang, ZHAO Jingkun, LU Aiguo, MAO Zhihai.Expression of chemokine CXCL5 and programme death ligand 1 in colorectal cancer tissues are associated with prognosis of patients[J]. Journal of Surgery Concepts & Practice, 2021, 26(06): 543-549. |
| [8] | ZHUANG Meng, HU Xiyue, WANG Xishan.A comparative study of short-term outcomes of laparoscopic right hemicolectomy with transvaginal specimen extraction without abdominal incisions for radical resection of colon cancer[J]. Journal of Surgery Concepts & Practice, 2021, 26(04): 343-347. |
| [9] | MAO Jieqi, XU Duogang, ZHANG Mili, XIAO Yunyu, MING Xu, LI Yuzhe, CAO Can, YU Liang, LI Jikun.Study on D-dimer elevation in patients with colorectal cancer[J]. Journal of Surgery Concepts & Practice, 2021, 26(04): 361-366. |
| [10] | YANG Yingchi, FU Jianning, ZHANG Zhongtao.Retrospect and prospect of Chinese laparoscopic colorectal surgery based on case registry database construction[J]. Journal of Surgery Concepts & Practice, 2021, 26(04): 277-280. |
| [11] | GU Jin.Treatment and combined viscerectomy for locally advanced colorectal cancer[J]. Journal of Surgery Concepts & Practice, 2021, 26(04): 290-296. |
| [12] | YU Yingyan.Interpretation of the 5th edition WHO classification and staging of digestive system tumors: colorectal tumors[J]. Journal of Surgery Concepts & Practice, 2021, 26(04): 312-317. |
| [13] | WU Chunxiao, GONG Yangming, GU Kai, PANG Yi, BAO Pingping, WANG Chunfang, SHI Liang, XIANG Yongmei, DOU Jianming, FU Chen, SHI Yan.Colorectal cancer incidence and mortality in Shanghai 2016 and trend analysis 2002—2016[J]. Journal of Surgery Concepts & Practice, 2021, 26(04): 325-335. |
| [14] | ZHUANG Meng, ZHANG Xiaoqian, WANG Xishan.Surgical platform history of minimally invasive colorectal surgery: evolution from Lancet to electrical equipment[J]. Journal of Surgery Concepts & Practice, 2021, 26(04): 281-284. |
| [15] | CAI Sanjun.Considerations for diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer[J]. Journal of Surgery Concepts & Practice, 2021, 26(04): 297-299. |
| Viewed | ||||||
| Full text |
|
|||||
| Abstract |
|
|||||