Abstract:

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with approximately 1.8 million patients dying of lung cancer each year, accounting for 18.0% of all cancer deaths. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the main type of lung cancer and accounts for more than 85% of all lung cancer patients. In China, more than 700 000 new cases of lung cancer are diagnosed each year, and more than 600 000 patients die of lung cancer, accounting for 21.7% of all cancer deaths. In 2022, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) updated the guidelines for clinical diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. Compared with the third edition of the guidelines, the fourth edition of the guidelines added the reference significance ofERBB2(HER2) mutation in the diagnosis and treatment of （NSCLC）. The updated content was mainly focused on the detection ofHER2mutation as a standard biomarker and the treatment of patients withHER2mutation. The detection ofHER2mutation is recommended for patients with metastatic NSCLC. Fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan and trastuzumab emtansine are recommended as second-line treatment options for patients withHER2mutation. However, both are in clinical trials in China. The treatment strategies for NSCLC patients withHER2mutations need to be considered comprehensively in light of the actual situation, and more data from domestic trials are needed. The fifth edition of the guidelines expanded the use of nivolumab, marking new progress in the study of immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Key words:Non-small cell lung cancer,Biomarkers,Tumor mutation load,Non-tyrosine kinase domain